Cosmos Episode 2 Viewing Worksheet

As a teacher, it is important to use all different types of curriculum delivery in order to reach all types of learners in your classroom. One way you can get your point across in a way that seems more fun for most students is through videos. The series Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey hosted by Neil deGrasse Tyson does an excellent job of breaking down various science topics in an accessible way for even beginning learners. Cosmos Season 1 Episode 2 Worksheet Cosmos season 1 episode 2 was focused on telling the story of evolution. Showing the episode to a middle school or high school level class is a great way to introduce the Theory of Evolution and Natural Selection to students. However, as a teacher, a way to assess whether or not they understood or retained any information is an important step in the process. The following questions can be used as a way to do that sort of assessment. They can be copied and pasted into a worksheet and then modified as necessary. Giving the worksheet out to fill in as they watch, or even after viewing, will give the teacher a good view of what the students understood and heard and what was missed or misunderstood. Cosmos Episode 2 WorksheetName:___________________    Directions: Answer the questions as you watch episode 2 of Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey    1.  What are two of the things human ancestors used the sky for?    2.  What caused the wolf to NOT come and get the bone from Neil deGrasse Tyson?    3.  How many years ago did wolves begin to evolve into dogs?    4.  How is being â€Å"cute† for a dog an evolutionary advantage?    5.  What kind of selection did the humans use to create dogs (and all the tasty plants we eat)?    6.  What is the name of the protein that helps move things around a cell?    7.  What does Neil deGrasse Tyson compare the number of atoms in one molecule of DNA to?    8.  What is it called when a mistake â€Å"sneaks by† the proofreader in a DNA molecule?    9.  Why does the white bear have an advantage?    10.  Why are there no longer any brown polar bears?    11.  What will most likely happen to the white bears if the ice caps keep melting?    12.  What is the human’s closest living relative?    13.  What does the â€Å"trunk† of the â€Å"tree of life† symbolize?    14.  Why do some people believe the human eye is an example of why evolution can’t be true?    15.  What trait did the first bacteria evolve that started the evolution of an eye?    16.  Why was this bacterial trait an advantage?    17.  Why can’t land animals just start from scratch to evolve a new and better eye?    18.  Why is saying evolution is â€Å"just a theory† misleading?    19.  When did the greatest mass extinction of all time happen?    20.  What is the name of the â€Å"toughest† animal to ever live that survived all five mass extinction events?    21.  What are the lakes on Titan made out of?    22.  Where does current scientific evidence think life began on Earth?

Marijuana Is The Most Potent Type Of Marijuana On The...

. How is sinsemilla grown, and why is its potency so much higher than that of commercial grade marijuana? Sinsemilla is considered the most potent type of marijuana on the illicit market (Lyman, 2014). Because of this reason, it is no surprise that it also brings the most revenue for drug traffickers. It is produced from unfertilized female cannabis plants in a growing area where the male cannabis plants are removed before pollination (Lyman, 2014)). As a result of marijuana being produced this way, I allows more flowers and resin. This is done as an attempt to attract male pollen. The reason this is done is because it is the resin and flowers that actually contain the most amounts of THC. The more THC that is contained, the more potent the marijuana is, thus making sinsemilla the most potent type of marijuana (Lyman, 2014). In the United States, Cannabis Indicia is grown. It is a high-grade strain of sinsemilla. This particular cannabis originated and was later imported to the Unite d States from Afghanistan. It is also popular because it grows into a short, squatty plant that produces 1-2 pounds of buds per plant (Lyman, 2014). These buds contain high levels of THC and generally take 4-5 months to mature. Sinsemilla is more difficult to grow. This is because it requires more personal attention and takes longer time to cultivate. It is usually produced in doors so the growers can harvest all year. Growers use techniques such as cloning and hydroponics. Cloning involvesShow MoreRelatedDrug Drugs And The New Zealand Party Scene1723 Words   |  7 PagesPrior to this legal highs were posed as an experimental way to try cull the sale of illicit drugs; but after such drugs as BZP showed their harmful effects, this had to be restricted. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychoactive_Substances_Act_2013) First of all, what are Legal Highs? 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The Necklace A Closer Look at Character Essay Example For Students

The Necklace: A Closer Look at Character Essay The Necklace: A Closer Look at Character Essay English 102 P Buss Essay 1 In any literay work, it is absolutely essential to have characters, whether major or minor. It is also necessary to develop these characters through out the story. Character development gives the reader insight to the more important meanings or lessons of the story. These lessons are usually brought out by the events that take place within the story. Looking at Guy De Maupassants piece The Necklace, we see a very clear development of the main character Mathidle. In the story, we see a change in her attitude about life. This change come about when she has to learn one of lifes little lessons the hard way. She and her husband are forced to live a life of hard work and struggle because of her own selfish desires. Mathilde changes from a woman who spends her time dreaming of all the riches and glory she doesnt have, to realizing that she over looked all the riches she did have. The story opens with the description of how miserable Mathilde is. Maupassant describes her as suffering constantly, feeling herself destined for all delicacies and luxeries. (Pg 4) She sits dreaming of silent rooms nicely decorated and her own private room, scented with perfume to have intimate tete- a-tetes with her closest friends. Then she is awakened, only to realize that she is in her own grim apartment. In her eyes, she lives a tortured and unfair life. Mathidle has a husband named Losiel. He is much the opposite of his wife. He is completely content with his lifestyle. He seems to be a very passive person, who doesnt let status or riches effect him. Of course, if he had the chance to be rich he would, but he doesnt dwell on the fact that he is part of the middle class. He seems ot be a hard worker and does his best to provide for his wife. He demonstrates is simplicity the one night at dinner Losiel and Mathilde sit down to eat. Mathidle is dreaming of fancy four course meals, while he is ecstatic because they are eating boiled beef. Losiel is aware that his wife has not yet adjusted to her status. One night, he had come home from work very excited. He had worked extra hard to get he and his wife invited to one of the biggest parties ever. Losiel thought this would be please his wife, when in fact it only made her upset. Here was Losiel trying to please his wife and she just started to cry. This just goes to show how ungreatful she really is. When Losiel had inquired about why she was upset, she had said it was because she had nothing to wear. She was hinting to her husband that she needed a dress. Then Losiel, because he wanted his wife to be happy had willingly given up his vacation money so his wife could have a dress to wear. Still, that wasnt good enough for her. Mathilde wanted more. Luckily, Mathilde had a friend in the upper class. She had gone to her friend and had asked to borrow jewlery for the occasion. This just helped to prove her need to have more. When she arrived at her friends house she had many things to choose from. Mathilde had seen all kinds of things that delighted her but one thing imparticular had caught her eye. In a black satin box, a superb diamond necklace, and her heart throbbed with desire for it. Her hands shook as she picked it up. She fastened it around her neck, watched it gleam at her throat and looked at herself ecstatically. .u4e3711b5a82adaabb8cea79f8d0c4aa2 , .u4e3711b5a82adaabb8cea79f8d0c4aa2 .postImageUrl , .u4e3711b5a82adaabb8cea79f8d0c4aa2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4e3711b5a82adaabb8cea79f8d0c4aa2 , .u4e3711b5a82adaabb8cea79f8d0c4aa2:hover , .u4e3711b5a82adaabb8cea79f8d0c4aa2:visited , .u4e3711b5a82adaabb8cea79f8d0c4aa2:active { border:0!important; } .u4e3711b5a82adaabb8cea79f8d0c4aa2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4e3711b5a82adaabb8cea79f8d0c4aa2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4e3711b5a82adaabb8cea79f8d0c4aa2:active , .u4e3711b5a82adaabb8cea79f8d0c4aa2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4e3711b5a82adaabb8cea79f8d0c4aa2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4e3711b5a82adaabb8cea79f8d0c4aa2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4e3711b5a82adaabb8cea79f8d0c4aa2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4e3711b5a82adaabb8cea79f8d0c4aa2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4e3711b5a82adaabb8cea79f8d0c4aa2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4e3711b5a82adaabb8cea79f8d0c4aa2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4e3711b5a82adaabb8cea79f8d0c4aa2 .u4e3711b5a82adaabb8cea79f8d0c4aa2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4e3711b5a82adaabb8cea79f8d0c4aa2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Elizabethanfood Essay (Pg 6) She had gotten all she wanted. Once again, Mathildes selfish desires had been fulfilled. After going to the ball and basically being the life of the party, she returned home to her drab apartment, only to remember the events of the evening where she was in the sporlight and people looked at her. It was at that moment that she had noticed that the necklace was missing. She and her husband had searched everywhere for it yet, the necklace was no where to be found. For the next ten years Loisel and Mathilde worked their fingers to the bone to repay Mathildes friend for the necklace that Mathilde had carelessly lost. They had to move to a different apartment, this worse than the last. They also had to borrow money from the .

Longfellows Optimism In Writing A Psalm Of free essay sample

Life Essay, Research Paper Look non mournfully into the yesteryear. It comes non back once more. Wisely better the present. It is thine. Travel forth to run into the shadowy hereafter, without fright, and with a manful bosom. This is a stating Longfellow read in Germany where his married woman died. The words gave him hope for the hereafter. It inspired him to desire to compose a series of Psalmss. The first one, A Psalm of Life written by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, is an uplifting verse form that compels us to experience hope for the hereafter. After reading it the first clip it had a powerful consequence on me. Surprisingly, he wrote this poem few months after his first married woman died. Longfellow took his married woman s decease and interpreted it as a mark to look at life as fleeting and it passes rapidly. I feel that Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, after his married woman s decease, had an optimistic position on life in the verse form, A Psalm of Life. We will write a custom essay sample on Longfellows Optimism In Writing A Psalm Of or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The 2nd stanza seems to state that life is here and it must be lived. It is existent and non merely some dream. Line five supports this with the hopeful exclaiming that Life is existent! Life is earnest! In the following line he says And the grave is non its end. Longfellow feels you don t live to decease. Death is non the point of populating a merely life. Last in this stanza, he states, Dust thou art, o dust returnest, was non spoken of the psyche. Our organic structures will turn to dust but the psyche will populate on. He experience there is an hereafter and we are here everlastingly in spirit. But what we do with our clip on Earth is what makes us ageless because we are remembered for how we lived our lives. ( Lines 5-8, pg. 302 ) In the 5th stanza Longfellow advises the reader to contend and to be active instead than sitting around in a inactive manner. We are told to swear no hereafter because we don t know what the hereafter holds. We are to move in the life nowadays because it is the here and now that is of import and w vitamin E must be concerned with badgering that the hereafter will revisit us with the hurting and agony of our yesteryear. We are non to populate in the yesteryear for being stuck in the yesteryear will acquire you nowhere. Then in the 6th stanza, Longfellow tells to be reminded of the lives of great work forces because we can do our lives sublime. This shows we should look at the heroes of the yesteryear, emulate them, and follow their leads. In making this you yourself can go a hero and leave footmarks on the littorals of clip. We must endeavor to do a difference in the lives of the hereafter so we may populate on forever. ( Lines25-32, pg. 302 ) In the concluding stanza, Longfellow is nudging us to work toward accomplishing our end no affair what the hereafter holds. We must be up and making and non sitting around watching life travel by. We can t be afraid and we must populate with a bosom for any destiny. He is stating that we must accept destiny as portion of the program for the greater good of all adult male. We must neer give up in accomplishing our end because there is hope for the hereafter. You have to maintain on acquiring up after you fall and seek once more or you will neer carry through anything meaningful. Last, you must larn to labour and to wait. Hard work and forbearance is what Longfellow is naming for in this concluding line. He is promoting us to work with our Black Marias full of optimism for a bright hereafter. ( Lines 34-36, pg. 303 ) I feel that Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, after his married woman s decease, had an optimistic mentality in A Psalm of Life. It encourages you to travel out and accomplish things. It seems he felt a new resoluteness to populate a more fulfilling life after his depression lifted. He shows through his poesy a renewed involvement in traveling off from the yesteryear that had troubled him. Something in his life gave him outlooks and hope to populate each twenty-four hours to the fullest and be confident the hereafter would non revisit him with more wretchedness.

The Book Theif Movie Review Essay Example

The Book Theif Movie Review Essay The Book Thief Movie Review BY Burglar,98 The Book Thief It all started with a train, some snow and my brother A man with an accordion heart and a woman cloaked In thunder, lathing their new daughters arrival on a street named after Heaven. From the beloved, best-selling novel by Markus Sack, comes the Oscar-winning film directed by Brian Percival, The Book Thief, starring Geoffrey Rush, Emily Watson and Sophie NÂ ©else. Set in 1938 (shortly after the rise of Adolph Hitler), a mysterious narrator (voiced by Robert Alum) tells the story of a young girl named Lease Melange (Sophie NÂ ©else) who steals The Gravediggers Handbook from a young grave digger, thus starting her love affair with books the beginning to an illustrious career; a career that will end with Lilies defying the society and sparking courage in the hearts of those around her. Meanwhile in the basement of her home a Jewish refugee (Max) is being sheltered by her adoptive parents. The mysterious narrator of the film who we later discover Is Death (or the Grim Repaper expresses the themes of Darkness and The Power of Words through the harassers such as Rudy Steiner, Max Vandenberg (portrayed by Ben Schnauzer) and Hans Hibernate (Geoffrey Rush) in the film, as well as the actions. Death is merely an invisible presence in the film, who finds himself captured in the beauty of Lilies Engineer. Death has a darkly witty and sardonic nature in The Book Thief, as well as his gentler, nourishing side, which we see when he tells of the sadness he feels as he collects the many souls who pass through his arms during the film. We will write a custom essay sample on The Book Theif Movie Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Book Theif Movie Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Book Theif Movie Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer All 3 characters who embody the themes of Darkness and The Power of Words also demonstrate the trudge of an individual against the prevailing ideology of his/her constricted society. We start with Rudy, Lisles first friend in the town of Mulching, Germany. With his blonde hair and blue eyes and his athletic and Intellectual genius, he makes for the perfect Nazi soldier. But because of his naivety and obliviousness to the real horrors of World War II, he truly does not see the harm in wanting to be the fastest man alive like his favorite Olympic relay champion, Jesse Owens (who happened to be an African American man). This proves to be the struggle for Rudy Steiner as he tries to discover his identity in the midst of the chaos and ongoing sadness In Mulching. He goes against his society by demonstrating his love for Jesse Owens, despite the fact that his father tries to explain to him how Wanting to be black Is bad news. Near the end of the movie, he is signed up for a training camp for young Nazi soldiers, and in an attempt to escape the training, runs away into the forest with Lilies for a while, expressing their hatred for Hitler before returning home. When Lilies finally confesses to Rudy that her family is hiding a Jewish person in their basement, Rudy remains faithful to her and stays silent. Story tells us, Mans father sacrificed himself to save Lisles adopted father Hans from the first World War, and therefore owed Mans father a favor; in this case, keeping Max in their basement as refuge from the Jewish concentration camps. The symbol of darkness that we see in the film reflects the most in Mans character; Max hides in the Hibernates house for several years to escape Nazi soldiers, but all the while still managing to stay alive in the darkness of the basement. The darkness of the story in this circumstance represents both fear and safety simultaneously. Max is also the second person (along with Hans Hibernate) who inspires Lilies to read and write in fact, he paints over every page in his copy of Mien Kampala (which initially saved his life) so that Lilies would have a book to write in. He inspires Lilies to speak with her eyes when she writes, and helps to create a unique new sense as she discovers the wonders of how powerful words can be. Last but not least, we introduce Hans Hibernate, the lovable foster father of Lilies with the accordion heart. He is the first person to show compassion towards Lilies upon her arrival in Mulching, by being kind-hearted and gentle, nicknaming her your majesty on her first day with him and his wife, Rosa. He discovers her copy of The Grave-Diggers handbook on her third night at the house, and he insists on bonding with her by proposing that they read the book together. After they finish the first book, she secretly steals another one from a large pile of burning books a symbol of he destruction of the books that ruined the minds of children in the Nazi party. After the two book-lovers finish the second book, Hans surprises Lilies with a gift: A blackboard dictionary, so she can write down all the words shes learnt. This is significant in the way that he almost creates an alternate reality for her to live in, which is somehow illegal because of the laws against specific books. Its also significant in the reflection that he creates the dictionary in the basement, where Max is set to be refugee later in the film. This creates a deeper meaning to both themes in he film, in the sense that it weaves the basement and its darkness further into the meaning of the story, as well as the power of the words that Lilies introduces to Max when he does take refuge downstairs. l have seen a great many things. Eve attended all the worlds worst disasters. And worked for the greatest of villains. And Eve seen the greatest of wonders. But its still like I said it was. No one lives forever. When I finally came for Lilies, I took self- pleasure in the knowledge that she had lived her 90 years so wisely. By then, her Tories had touched many souls; some of them I came to know in passing. Max, whose friendship lasted almost as long as Lilies Almost. In her final thoughts, she saw the long list of loves that merged with hers: Her three children, her grandchildren, her husband Among them, lit like lanterns, were Hans and Rosa, her brother, and the boy whose hair remained the color of lemons forever. I wanted to tell The Book Thief she was one of the few souls that made me wonder what it was to live. But in the end, there were no words. Only peace. The only truth I know is that I am haunted by humans

Shakespeare †Sonnet 116 Analysis and Interpretation Essay Essays

Shakespeare – Sonnet 116 Analysis and Interpretation Essay Essays Shakespeare – Sonnet 116 Analysis and Interpretation Essay Paper Shakespeare – Sonnet 116 Analysis and Interpretation Essay Paper Sonnet 116 was written by William Shakespeare and published in 1609. William Shakespeare was an English author and poet. and has written a batch of celebrated dramas. amongst them Macbeth and Romeo and Juliet. Shakespeare lived in the Elizabethan epoch. At that clip. the literature and art was in bloom. and his plants are clearly characterized by that epoch both as linguistic communication and subject goes. A sonnet is a poem consisting of 14 lines. three quatrains and a pair. in which the round follows the iambic pentameter. Sonnet 116 is. like the most of Shakespeare’s sonnets. about love. In this sonnet. Shakespeare tries to specify love by utilizing comparings. metaphors and personification. The subject of the sonnet is decidedly â€Å"true love† because of all his efforts to specify it by depicting what true love agencies. and why it is so of import to human existences. The first quatrain is kind of the â€Å"introduction† of the sonnet. while the two following quatrains are the organic structure of the sonnet. where he elaborates the two first lines. The pair in the terminal is the decision. and is used to sum up and shut the sonnet. In Shakespeare’s sonnets. the last two lines are frequently about Shakespeare himself in some manner. Either by sharing his ain sentiment on the subject he is composing approximately. or to praise himself as an creative person. In the first one and a half line. he says â€Å"let me non to the matrimony of true heads admit impediments† . That means. that he won’t declare any grounds to why two people with true love towards each other shouldn’t acquire married. He continues with: â€Å"love is non love which alters when it change finds. or bends with the remover to remove† . which can intend that love is non love if it changes or fades off when a better chance comes up. He elabor ates this in the following quatrain. where he uses a metaphor and compares love to an ever-fixed grade. taking the ships like the North Star. The ships are meant to be the human existences lost in the hunt for life’s true significance. The last line of the quatrain says: â€Å"whose worth’s unknown. although his tallness be taken† . which is a clear comparing to love. and how it is mensurable. but still more valuable than words can of all time explicate. This metaphor makes the message more clear. because you can conceive of this star steering the lost crewmans in the center of the ocean and you understand the significance of the words in an other manner than if he had merely written: â€Å"love is priceless† . In the 3rd quatrain. he begins with: â€Å"Love is non Time’s sap. though rose-colored lips and cheeks within his flexing sickle’s compass semen. † First of all. â€Å"Love is non time’s fool† is a personification. because â€Å"time† is given a human quality by being a sap. The whole sentence agencies. that clip is nonmeaningful to love and that love doesn’t attention about aging or decease. The following two lines: â€Å"Love alters non with his brief hours and hebdomads. But bears it out even to the border of day of reckoning. † Empathizes the fact that love is a changeless construct and goes beyond decease. This last quatrain is truly powerful and to state that non even decease can halt love makes it even stronger. This is really the whole message in the sonnet. that true love is so strong. non even decease can get the better of it. With the pair in the terminal. he turns the focal point on himself by stating: â€Å" If this be mistake and upon me proved. I neer writ. nor no adult male of all time loved. † He sort of says. that if what he has merely written is proved incorrect. no 1 has of all time loved. and he isn’t a poet. He likely means that he is so certain about this ceaseless true love. that he would curse on his most cherished ability. viz. his accomplishments as a author. In some manner. you can state that he ends up praising himself a small spot in this sonnet excessively. The same thing happens in the pair of sonnet 18 â€Å"shall I compare thee. . † where he ends up proclaiming that his verse form makes people immortal. Another thing that sonnet 18 and sonnet 116 has in common is their many comparings. Al though the comparings in sonnet 18 are a little more obvious in sonnet 116. it is still sort of the same construct. comparing love and beauty to nature. And of class. the subject of love is consistent through so many of his sonnets. The difference between these two sonnets is largely the fact that sonnet 18 is written to a specific individual ( at least. we assume that ) . while the receiving system of sonnet 116 can be anyone who is funny to cognize the definition of true love. The â€Å"love† issue takes up a batch of infinite in both Shakespeare’s sonnets and dramas. and I think that it is the ground that his plants neer go out of manner. It is merely a dateless subject. interesting no affair what race. age or gender you are. His plants are known around the universe. and can beinterpreted so it fits every head everyplace in the universe. With this sonnet. Shakespeare has defined love for the full human race.

Foundation Degree in Early Years Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Foundation Degree in Early Years - Essay Example Dedication should also be present in supporting a child’s healthy and happy development. To improve outcomes for children, the government, the early practitioners, the parents, other professionals and the society at large should be dedicated to helping them. This paper will look at multi-Professional practice linking to relevant theory and legislation. The government puts up the legislation which governs the children, for example, the recent policy statement of supporting families in the foundation years. In this, the government’s vision for the early years is that a well qualified work force brings in a real difference in the quality of support that families with young children receive. Multi- professional practice: The foundation years are critically the most fundamental for a child’s growth, also for their families. Early practitioners include foundation teachers, requiring nurses, pre- school and child minders as well as other professional practitioners, who are involved in the early years of a child’s development. Multi- professional practice is required since these children have different needs, which require different, professionals. Joint working is seen as a priority, for instance, it is vital that parents and teachers utilize the children’s trust arrangements by working closely with local authorities in order to, jointly plan, and deliver services effectively (Anning, et al., 2006). Much legislation has been put in place after the education mentally handicapped children’s act 1970, which made all the children the responsibility of the local education authority. â€Å"Before then, the responsibility of the handicapped children had been the responsibility of the health service (Tassoni, 2003).† This is because, the children were being considered as impossible to educate because they had a learning disability. â€Å"It was the consequence of the 1970 Act that led to the creation of special schools, which gave many children the opportunity of gaining an education for the first time, hence social inclusion (Whitney, 2007).† In the year 1978, a report introducing the special education needs (SEN) was developed, and it came into effect from January 2002. This proposed the recognition of early diagnosis and pre- school support. â€Å"The need for parental involvement and the integration of children, whenever possible into the mainstream school was also proposed (Soan, 2004).† â€Å"Research shows that, there is a need for coordination and communication between professionals themselves and between professionals and families for quality services to be provided (Townsley et al., 2004).† There are many cases where poor communications between professionals and families has led to poor provision of services. Reviewing the current integration interlude, concern is with the reformation of work relations as a way of creating new forms of social capital. The notion social capit al has been used by the government policy makers together with researchers in examining different types, qualities of relationships and configurations. These include professional relations and when put into practice, how they function as resources. â€Å"Looking at the co-work of teachers, language and speech therapists, social capital is produced in the analysis as a means of understanding the integration of children’s service impact on professional practitioners groups and across

Talent identification and development in the UK. Long Term Athlete Essay

Talent identification and development in the UK. Long Term Athlete Development (LTAD) - Essay Example Most parents want their children to be active throughout their life due to the belief that physical education may enhance self-esteem, fitness, and teamwork in a child’s development. According to Spinks et al (2002, pg. 265), identifying sport potential at an early age, ensures that players receive specialized coaching to accelerate the talent development process. With increased need to develop and nurture young talented players, it is essential to determine the key elements of talent identification, for instance, in football. The authors also argue that talent may be genetically determined, complicated in structure and subject to environmental conditions. Moreover, the aim of talent identification is to increase the probability of selecting a future elite player at an early age. According to Stanford ( 2005, pg 63), LTAD model mainly insists that training, competition and retaining programmes should be set in relation to an individual’s development rather than age. Optimal windows of trainability should be identified and used while the structure of competition programme should be reviewed to optimize the ratio between competitive events and training; moreover, the overall system, needs to be aligned and integrated. Long Term Athlete Development (LTAD) Model The LTAD model on sports focuses on bringing out the best out of a talented player. For instance, in this case, the main discussion revolves around football. There are key issues that should be considered when deciding on the talent identification and development of a player including: 1) the type of talent that could either be uni-sport or multi-sport talent, predictors of talent depending on weight and height, endurance and psychological factors, which include intelligence, decision making and sk ills. 2) The management should be able to choose a talent identification and talent development programme for football. 3) They should be able to identify the key factors in talent development in that particular sport. According to Hylton and Bramham (2007, pg 223), the LTAD model is a form of long-term scheduling of an athlete’s performance in sport. This model describes an athlete’s six-stage development, which includes fundamentals, learning to train, training to train, training to compete, training to win and active for life. Football as a sport Football (soccer) involves a multiplicity of skills, for instance, some are basic like running, others are goal oriented like scoring and while others are technical like passing, receiving and dribbling. In addition, characteristics of elite team players consist of different categories such as mental, technical, physical, tactical, and social factors. Mental category is associated with confidence, motivation, anxiety contro l, and concentration. Technical factors include skills such as passing, dribbling, receiving, and defending while physical qualities include flexibility, strength, power, and endurance. Moreover, tactical aspect usually includes pressurizing, creating space, and support, and finally, social factors include leadership and cohesion (Reilly, 1997, pg 201). Nevertheless, basic skills are assumed to be developed by a process of maturation, while the other skills have to be learned through practice or experience. In

Consumer Driven Health Plans and Health Savings Accounts Essay

Consumer Driven Health Plans and Health Savings Accounts - Essay Example ible Spending Accounts such as tax benefits to employees and employers, a portable health program, an attractive incentive program and an affordable approach to health care. They are preferable to other options because they offer portability and are less limited or risk-laden than the HSA. However, they do require a high deductible health plan. In determining the best type of health plan to offer our employees, the option of Health Savings Accounts presented itself as being the best choice for our company situation as a small but growing firm. This paper describes what a Health Savings Account is, addresses the most unique advantages it has to offer with particular emphasis on the advantages offered to small companies and compares this type of program with other consumer driven health plans available. In addition, the disadvantages of Health Savings Accounts are discussed, common questions are posed with answers provided by the Department of Treasury and consumer feedback is offered. A Health Savings Account (HSA), an example of a consumer-driven health plan, offers a distinct alternative to the way in which we work with traditional health insurance programs such as Health Maintenance Organizations (HMO) or Preferred Provider Organizations (PPO). One of the greatest advantages of HSAs is that they offer tax breaks that continue to grow wealthier because consumers decide for themselves how to spend less. Patients pay for a greater share of their health care directly and are given more control over the money in their HSA than they would have in more traditional plans. These plans are contingent on the use of a high-deductible health insurance plan that meets specific criteria, which functions to lower costs for employers as well as premiums for employees. Decisions on what types of investments to make with the money are made by the individual consumers without relying on a third party employer relations expert or a health insurer. In addition, each person

Deconstructivist Architecture Controversy

Deconstructivist Architecture Controversy Opinions about Deconstructivist Architecture are controversial and often contradictory- some critics consider it as a purely formal exercise with little social significance and ambiguous meaning whereas others see it as a way of locating the inherent dilemmas within buildings (and promoting) a serious and necessary criticism of unbridled consumer culture and media-driven hyper reality. In view of the debate surrounding the nature of Deconstructivist Architecture, discuss the ideas and philosophy related to it and argue in favour or against one of the opinions expressed above. Use examples as appropriate. INTRODUCTION: Deconstructivist architecture is a type of architecture developed in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Unlike any other type of architectural type, it escapes the conventional architectural pattern, breaking in that way all the rules of constructive theory. The leader of this movement was the French Philosopher Jacques Derrida, who as we shall see later, with his ideas and philosophy has much influenced other architects into accepting and applying this unpredictable type of architecture. In this course of paper, we will make a discussion on the concept of deconstructive architecture analysing at the same time its elements and background basic idea. Moreover, a historical development will be made on deconstructivism showing what are the origins of the movement. The philosophy will also be discussed behind this type of architecture and all will appear simultaneously with examples of buildings illustrating the concept of deconstructivist architecture. In addition to the above, some criticism will be made on the subject showing that the debate surrounding the nature of this form of architecture is both controversial and contradictory. Examples and commentary will be given by architects that have given their personal opinion on the subject throughout the years. MAIN PART: As already mentioned above, deconstructivist architecture is a style of architecture that contradicts the conventional methods of architecture. While an architect would dream of pure form, by using geometric shapes as cylinders, spheres, cones etc. avoiding instability and disorder, deconstructivist architecture supports the exact opposite. This type of architecture marks a different sensibility, one in which this stability and uniformity is disturbed. And it is exactly this ability to disturb our thinking that makes these projects deconstructive. The history and development: Deconstructivist architecture has initially had two main facets-modernism and postmodernism. While those two schools have ruled almost all of the forms of architectural styles, deconstructivist architecture opposed to their rationality. The journal Oppositions (published 1973-84) in which postmodernist architects and deconstructivist architects published their theories alongside each other, has been the decisive separation between the two movements. While postmodernism followed the historical references of modernism, deconstructivism has gone the other way- rejecting its acceptance and idea of ornament as an after-thought or decoration. Deconstructivism has also been influenced by the Russian Constructivism and Futurist movements of the early 20th century. Both tendencies were concerned with the radical simplicity of geometric forms, all expressed in graphics, sculpture and architecture. However, Constructivism has followed the ornamentation of building, whereas Deconstructivism refuted it. Maybe that is why this style of architecture is called deconstructivist; because while it draws from Constructivism, it radically deviates from it. Some Russian artists from which Deconstructivism has been inspired, include Naum Gabo, Kazimir Malevich and Alexander Rodchenko. The ideas and philosophy: Deconstructivist architecture is characterised by ideas of fragmentation, and manipulation of a structures surface or skin. It refers mainly to the architectural language being displaced and distorted with forms that are often set within conflicting geometries. Usually the building would be designed in parts or pieces in a weird manner with no attention or logic to be given to architecture norms. It would reflect pieces joined together to form unrelated abstract forms. Generally, the finished visual of the projects that illustrates the deconstructive styles, is characterized by a stimulating unpredictability and a controlled chaos. The whole philosophy of deconstructivist architecture was created by Jaques Derridas ideas influencing many later architects. Peter Eisenman and Derrida himself were concerned with the metaphysics of presence and this can be said to be the main subject of deconstructivist architecture philosophy in architecture theory. One of the most important events in the history of Deconstructivism includes the collaboration between the two Eisenman and Derrida on the project of the Parc de la Villette competition, 1.Parc de la Villette, Paris, 1982-1998Â  documented in Chora I Works; and the selected final project by Bernard Tschumi. Other seminal events include the 1988 Museum of Modern Art Deconstructivist architecture exhibition, organised by Philip Johnson and Mark Wigley in New York, which crystalized the movement, and brought fame and recognition to its practitioners. 2.Frank Gehrys own Santa Monica residence, 1978 The idea is that architecture is a language capable of communicating meaning and of receiving treatments by methods of linguistic philosophy. The philosophy examines the nature of reality and the relationship between the matter and the mind. The individual is seen as a composite of linguistic and social sources and can therefore be constructed. The dialectic of absence or presence is a part of the elements to be found and as Derrida notes, is to be found both in construction and deconstruction. According to him, any architectural deconstruction requires for a strongly-established conventional expectation to play flexibly against. Just as a building can be constructed by using the conventional rules of architectures, so a functional building can be built by using non-conventional methods of deconstruction. One example of Deconstructivist Architecture is the design of Frank Gehrys own Santa Monica residence. Beginning with an ordinary house in an ordinary neighbourhood, he changed its massing, spatial envelopes, planes and other expectations in a playful subversion. 3.Vitra Design Museum in Weil-am-Rhein, 1989 There have been many other examples of buildings illustrating the type of deconstructivist architecture over the years. Some of these would include the Turning Tosco in Malmo and the Vitra Design Museum in Weil-am-Rhein by Frank Gehry. Furthermore, the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao in Spain and the Mits Stata Centre are some of the many buildings that were influenced and made from the deconstructivist architecture style. It appears from the examples and analysis above, that deconstructivist architecture has established a different mode and type of architecture. This has been criticised both with good and bad commentary. The opinions around this matter are controversial and contradictory. Controversial and contradictory opinions: Some critics evaluate this type of architecture as a purely formal exercise with little social significance with ambiguous meaning. Certain architects such as Charles Jencks the famous American theorist, architect and designer, claim Deconstructivism as a new paradigm, whereas others questioned the wisdom behind this type of architecture and the impact it might have on future generations of architects and the built environment. It has been described as fundamentally destructive, because of its rejection of all architectural rules, and its lack to provide clear values as replacements of those. 4.Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain, 1997 Moreover, Deconstructivist Architecture has been seen as an intentional aggression on human senses, using certain mechanisms in order to express discomfort and anxiety. More specifically, Nikos Salingaros, calls the Derrida philosophy a virus, that invades the design thinking in order to construct destroyed forms. He further claims that it is an attack on logic, which does not produce logical statements. According to his views, what deconstructivist architecture itself is; meaning the dismantling of structures, traditional beliefs, logical statements and observations, it can easily resemble to the way in which a virus survives and proliferates. This occurs especially where deconstructivists insist on arguing that they are merely analysing and commenting on text. In infecting contemporary architecture, this virus attacks a forms internal organisation and coherence, leaving forms embodying disorganized complexity. One example of a building with which he condemns the philosophy and idea of deconstructivist architecture is the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain by Frank Gehry. In his opinion, this vanguard style represents an unnatural imposition of free-flowing ribbon forms sheathed in a continuous, shiny metal skin. It also eliminates all components that would otherwise lead to coherence. In general, architecture is everything Derrida rejects: beauty, consistency, coherence, functionality etc. in reality, deconstructivist Architecture rejects the reason for which architecture itself exist; for the expression of human needs. And therefore, an architecture that creates disorder, as in the case of Constructivist Architecture; is no longer architecture. In addition to the above, Kenneth Frampton, describes deconstructivist architecture as elitist and detached. In his view this is justified by the self-alienation of an avant-garde without due cause. While Constructivism intended a synthesis, with the creation of a new architecture, Deconstructivist Architectures anti-thesis, derives from the acceptance that global modernisation is pushing those norms beyond the barriers. The two aspects of critical theory are found in deconstructivist architecture; that is analysis and urgency. A building that illustrates this is the Wexner Center for the Arts, by Peter Eisenman. There is the tendency in Deconstructivism to set aesthetic issues in the foreground as of much importance. Huge buildings with extravagant materials and impressive colours would be just some of the characteristics. One building showing the Guggenheim Museum mentioned above. However, if that is made only for elite, and since such buildings are quite expensive to be built, it may increase the level of complexity while it will only attempt to reconcile modern architecture with local differences. 5.Wexner Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, , 1989 Moreover, there are those that argue that architecture is not a language capable of communicating. However, there are those who believe that deconstructivist architecture is innovative and still has things to offer to architecture. It is however often misled. There is the presumption that such an architecture style is a demolition or a dissimulation. Maybe that happens because people often relate the taking apart of a structure to be deconstruction right away. However things are not like that. Deconstructive architecture on the contrary, gains all its force by challenging the values of stability, harmony and unity, and unlike other forms of architecture, proposing for a different view of structure; a structure in which flaws are intrinsic. Such flaws cannot be removed without firstly being destroyed, and therefore they are structural. For this reason, the deconstructivist architect simply locates the inherent dilemmas within buildings and promotes a serious and necessary criticism of unbridled consumer culture and media-driven hyper reality. He is not a person that destroys or dis mantles buildings; what he actually does is to examine deeply the pure forms of the architectural tradition and examine the consequences and reactions where such forms are repressed. In taking those results, he creates something new yet structural. For this reason deconstructivist architecture may not appear as bad as it is made. It is not always bad to try and experience and create something new by altering certain things in a building; this does not necessarily mean that a building cannot be structural or functional. This fragmentation and discontinuity for example of Frank Gehry could Moreover, Deconstruction can be seen as a laughing matter. It is always ironic, playful, humorous and irrelevant about itself, a betrayal of the non-faith. This liberating dissection is what makes it so different from the existing constructions and orthodoxies. As Nietzsche puts it in the canonic Deconstructionist text, Thus Spake Zarathustra: He who must be a creator in good and evil- verily, he must first be a destroyer, and break values into pieces. It can be seen as an essential part of the comic tradition where for a long period now unfinished buildings or rough materials are used. Furthermore, Derrida in his interview, states that the impression deconstruction was given to the public by the media as an association with the end of philosophy is misleading. The media has given the idea that deconstruction is destructive towards texts and traditions, as well as to philosophical heritage. He comments on this idea given, arguing that to create an institution, it must to some extent break with the past while at the same time inaugurating something completely new. Deconstructivist architecture does not mean that we are reproducing but also try something that hasnt been done before. For this reason it has been criticised as violent, as it has no guarantee by previous rules. While it follows the premises of the past it creates something completely new, and this is risky. However, there is no need for absolute guarantee; we ourselves should invent the rules. In his opinion, that is what destruction is made for: not the mixture but the tension between memory, fidelity, t he preservation of something that has been given to us, and, at the same time, heterogeneity, something new, and a break. In general, Deconstructivist Architecture, attacks conventions with its codified unconventionality. One strong example could be the cubiculum of a Roman House in Boscoreale, now found in the Metropolitan Museum in New York. However, it can have further social significance than the one already stated to have. It is a matter of fact that even if unconventional, it can be useful and helpful in tracing defects of the already established norms of architecture. Moreover, as Derridas philosophy states, it is a method through which thinking can be communicated. Through the complicated and unconventional structure of the buildings, spaces need not always be the same, but also express the different emotions and feelings people have. CONCLUSION: Those who truly value Deconstructivist Architecture, it is for that creativity and inventive freshness that they create new rules in architecture. One the other hand, those who doubt this approach, are those who are always sure of the negative results and the anti-social nature of the activity. It could also just be a matter of self-denial. After all, deconstructivist architecture may appear odd to some people due to its unconventional and out-of-barriers technique and looks, but it has managed to find its own place in the world of architecture. It has also proven that it still retains social significance and recognition amongst the public. This can be illustrated by the demand of consumers to more and more ask for modern and different impressive buildings. It can also be seen by the famous buildings made by well-known architectures. However, this could not be made without the bad or good criticism. Even though, the buildings still manage to impress and attract, as except of being functional and structurally stable, they are also unique.

Federal Poverty Lines Essay

The common issue concerning the annual Federal poverty levels that are universal for all the lower forth eight states are that the poverty level measures are limited. In other words, the poverty thresholds doesn’t represent a budget for basic necessities of life nor it addresses the supplementary amount   to allow for other basic needs such as household supplies, person care, etc(Madden, 182). Also, the federal poverty lines by family size do not use consumer expenditure data and it is not updates. It is not adjusted by family types and geographical differences in housing concepts. Problems with Absolute Federal Poverty Level Absolute federal poverty level is enumerates the numeral value of people below poverty threshold which does not depend on time and place (Madden, 183). In other words, it is constant. It is incorrect to calculate absolute federal poverty level because it is only possible because the amount of wealth essential for survival is not constant for all places and time periods.   For example, a person living Alaska requires more sources of heat because of its cold climate whereas a person living in Hawaii does not. As compared to absolute federal poverty level, relative poverty level is dependent on time and place (Madden, 183). Poverty Levels, Family Size and Cost of Living The federal government does not raise the poverty levels by family size to reflect the cost of living of a geographic area because the poverty threshold level varies from one place to another. The current poverty levels by family size are measured by comparing the individual’s family income to the essential amount necessary for standard of living (Rogers, 85). It has been used as the primary statistic by the U.S federal government to allocate mean-tested social welfare benefits. Expenses in NYC versus Other States New York City is considered to be the most expensive cities to live in. New York remains the most expensive city within United States. According to statistics, the median earnings of New York are more that sixty thousand dollars which is ten thousand dollars greater than the national median. The overall average living expenses in New York are more than one hundred and ninety dollars (Rogers, 185). Housing expenses are more than three hundred thousand dollars and secondary education is more than two thousand dollars as compared to the nation average. Other facilities are also expensive as compared to other states. For example, a person living in Pittsburg who earns fifty thousand dollars will need one hundred thousands dollars to survive in New York. Over all, living expenses in New York is twice as much as compared to other states. Juvenilization and Feminization of Poverty Juvenilization of poverty is has been derived from the word juvenile and poverty. Poverty is defined as the scarcity and deficiency assets, income, capabilities or freedoms. Juvenilization is associated with children. Hence, juvenilization of poverty means that children are deprived of basic necessities of life. According to statistics, one out of six children in United States suffers from poverty. Studies also show that more than thirty percent of children are living below poverty line although they make up more than twenty eight percent of the population. The term feminization of poverty has been originated from the definition of two words which are poverty and feminization. Feminization is the term which illustrates that gender partiality and bias in deprivation of resources, capabilities or freedoms. Hence, feminization of poverty is considered to be a concept which compares male and female and what are the differences or ratios between the two in terms of poverty levels. It represents the inability of women to meet the basic necessities of life. Personal Costs of Poverty and Problems with Federal Approach towards Poverty According to the data collected the U.S Census Bureau, the personal costs of poverty on family and children of four is $22,050 per year and for family of eight is $37010 per year and for every additional personal $ 3740 is added (Madden, 196). There are certain sets of specific policies and programs which are flawed because they cannot fight poverty. Aid to Families with Dependent Children has provided families with cash assistance but it comprises about one percent of the federal budget. AFDC polices have serious weaknesses which makes the poverty rate higher as compared to other countries. The weaknesses in the current policies can be classified into two broad categories namely, inadequate livable wage jobs and inadequate social welfare policies. The AFDC policies do not have policies which guarantee childcare for families who are living below two hundred percent of poverty. It doesn’t have policies which assist child support and low incoming individuals. Other problems include lack of workforce education and training programs, benefits and inadequate job policies. Social Work and Poverty and Modifications in Federal Policies As a social worker, I will apply my social work training in system to understand the nature of poverty and its origin. As a social worker, poverty must be combated at macro level so that poor families can afford childcare, housing, mental health treatment and education and employment opportunities (Rogers, 221). On broader scale, the first thing to help poor families would be through community organizing in poor neighborhoods. This can help in organizing the community’s asset and combine them with other resources to create and set up local structure which assist health, education and financial viability. This will empower the community residents to be active and support local initiatives. In order to reduce poverty, the federal government should recognize and produce measures to tackle issues of well being beyond the income status. The federal government should introduce a guarantee for child care for families living at or below two hundred percent of poverty in order to improve the quality of child care. It should also assist child support and fathers who have low incomes. In order to remove the future generation from poverty, the federal government should increase child support programs and adopt pragmatic policies for low income families. At the same time, workforce education and training programs should be introduced to assist low-income individuals to advance economically. The government should also improve job quality with the help of earnings, benefits and other predictable measures so that workers can meet both work and family responsibilities. Work Cited Madden, David. â€Å"RELATIVE OR ABSOLUTE POVERTY LINES: A NEW APPROACH.† Review of Income & Wealth 46 (June 2009): 181-199.   Rogers, Harrell, R.. American Poverty in a New Era of Reform. New York: M.E. Sharpe, Inc., (2006).

Early Civilizations Matrix Essay

Affirmative Action The purpose of this paper is to review the subject of affirmative action, and the policies that go along with it. The paper will be recommending to a board of directors that their business implement affirmative action policies. This argument will be supported by points and facts that are in favor of the implementation. It will also fairly discuss points against the implementation of affirmative action. The paper will cover points about how affirmative action policies relate to compliance with the equal opportunity laws. Before getting to far ahead, it is important to make sure that there is a valid understanding of what affirmative action actually is, and what its policies stand for. What is affirmative action? Affirmative action means that steps are taken to help increase the representation of women, and other minorities in areas like education, employment, and business. These are all areas from which they have typically and historically been excluded. It is when these steps involve preferential treatment or selection based on gender, race, and ethnicity then the concept of affirmative action becomes controversial (Affirmative Action, 2001). History of affirmative action In 1961, then President John F. Kennedy issued executive order 10925 against American Lexicon. The order gave the first mention of affirmative action.  The purpose of the order was to end discrimination within the business (Nittle, n.d.). Next, three years later in 1964, The Civil Right Act came out. The goal of the Civil Right Act of 1964 was to stop employment and public accommodations discrimination (Nittle, n.d.). Following the Civil Right Act of 1964, President Lyndon Johnson, who took office after the assassination of John F. Kennedy, issued executive order 11246. This order required federal contractors to practice affirmative action, to help develop diversity within the workplace and help end race based discrimination, and other forms of discrimination (Nittle, n.d.). Before these amendments were signed into action, you had other key events that took place as well. For example, the case of Brown v Board of Education. This case was about an African American girl who wanted to attend a white public school, and was denied admittance. This case helped overturn a prior case Plessy v Ferguson. Plessy v Ferguson stated that a separate but equal America was constitutional (Nittle, n.d.). Brown v Board overturned that case by ruling that discrimination is a key aspect of racial segregation. Which meant that it violated the 14th Amendment (Nittle, n.d.). This decision started the countries goal to promote diversity in schools and various other places (Nittle, n.d.). This was a very important legal, as well as ethical case. It helped kick start the changes to people’s thought processes. Why affirmative action? Now that a bit of history on affirmative action has been covered, it is important to look at why affirmative action policies should be put into action at your company. Affirmative action would be very beneficial to your company for many reasons. It allows for a more diversified workplace, it is a way to allow all races to have equal rights, it shows that everyone has the ability to be great at their job, that people can be more productive by sharing various thoughts, plans, and ideas for the betterment of not only the company, but themselves as well, regardless of their gender, race, or ethnicity. This company should hire people based on things like their level of experience and skill, and whether they have the aspects necessary for that  position. The hiring process should not be based on the person’s racial or ethnic background, or whether they are a male or a female. People should be comfortable enough that when they apply for a position within your company they do not worry about whether or not they are being discriminated against. All that should matter is that they have the skills necessary to do the job to the best of their ability. Not whether or not they are the proper gender or if they are the right ethnicity. If someone applies for a job at your company, and they feel they may have been discriminated against, and then they ask you about it, if you dont give them a reasonable response or answer them correctly it can cause problems for the company. Whether it be through long bitter court battles, or just the company gains a bad name for even potentially being prejudiced or biased. Employment discrimination against women and minorities is something that has gone on for a very long time. Government reports show that the pay, as well as job opportunities for minorities is smaller than that of white or Caucasian ethnicity ( Bohlander & Snell, 2007). If your company implements affirmative action, it can be beneficial from the outside and inside as well. One thing that needs to be done to begin the action, is to develop a plan. Your company needs to have a written statement showing commitment to the idea of affirmative action. You should look at where the company stands in terms of women and minorities that you have employed. By doing so, it will allow for you to see where changes, if any, need to be made. Once you see where the improvements and changes are, you need to take the right steps to make sure these changes are made. While making these changes, you have to make sure that no other race or gender within your employee base was mistreated, or undervalued in any way due to the affirmative action plan. Equal employment opportunity law According to the Equal Employment Opportunity Law, all businesses have an obligation to uphold. They are not to judge a potential employee based on ones race, gender, age, etc. This is a very important aspect of affirmative action. You have to make sure that your company understands and follows the  policy ( Bohlander & Snell, 2007). The court system is always interpreting the employment law. If changes are made, then it is the manager of your company’s responsibility to change the company’s employment guidelines to follow the court ruling (Bohlander & Snell, 2007). To help make sure that business do comply with the changes, and anti discrimination laws, the Equal Employment Opportunities Council was established to monitor that the guidelines are being followed (Bohlander & Snell, 2007). Benefits of affirmative action There are many benefits for your company to implementing an affirmative action plan. The employee’s themselves will benefit for instance, because minorities that are employed within your company have the chance to advance up the career ladder, and gain opportunities for promotions that they may not have had a chance of getting before. Your company shouldn’t be made up of one race, one ethnicity, or one gender because you think that one is better than the other. If a person has or gets a job, it should be due to their qualifications and abilities to do the job correctly. Not based on race or gender. The downfalls of affirmative action With almost any argument in favor of something, you are going to have opinions refuting the ideas. Some believe that affirmative action leads to reverse discrimination. That instead of being hired for their qualifications and skill, that they are hired based on religion, race, gender, etc. Opponents feel that it can make people turn against one another. Preventing the downfalls of affirmative action The cons of affirmative action can be avoided as long as your company takes the proper steps. The company needs to look for the best people for the unfilled positions, and do the proper training if needed. To help prevent your employees from feeling as if the only reason they got the job with your company was due to their gender or race, make sure that you let them know they were hired because they had the needed experience or qualifications and therefore they were the best match. It is important to make sure that your company sticks to the plan that was laid out in the beginning, to the affirmative action plan that was developed. You watch over all of your employees, and not just those who are impacted more by the plan, the work environment at your company should stay sustainable and comfortable for all employees. Conclusion Affirmative action would be a great idea for your company. The purpose of this presentation was to show both the pro’s and the con’s of implementing affirmative action within your company, which is hopefully what was done. The main thing to remember here is that the benefits to implementing affirmative action, strongly outweigh the pitfalls. Also, the opposition to the plan can be avoided by following your action plan, and the steps provided for avoidance of those downfalls. It is hoped that you will choose to use the affirmative action policy within your company, as it is something that will most definitely help and payoff in your company’s future. References: Bohlander, G. W., & Snell, S. A., (2007). Managing human resources (14th ed.). Florence, KY: Thomson Learning Higher Education. Nittle, N.K. (n.d.). Key events in affirmative action history. Retrieved from http://racerelations.about.com/od/historyofracerelations/a/TheFiveLandmarkEventsWhichLedtoAffirmativeActionsRise.htm Affirmative action. (2001). Retrieved from http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/affirmative-action/

Free Essays on Founding Brothers, By Joseph J. Ellis Book Review

The opposing ideologies during the post-revolutionary era of individual liberty (the Jeffersonian outlook) versus collective nationalism (the Hamiltonian outlook) had the potential to swallow the infant American union into an abyss of anarchy. As Ellis puts it, â€Å"The politics of the 1790s was a truly cacophonous affair.† (page 16). Similar revolutions in Europe had resulted in postbellum nightmares, where differing parties and ideologies had fought to the death over power. But the American Revolution was a colonial revolution very different than others in that its founders’ acumen allowed them to safely place their opposing ideologies in a governmental structure containing political parties, and thus form a basis of government on healthy debate as opposed to antagonism. Through six stories and themes on specific events in the lives of Hamilton, Burr, Jefferson, Franklin, Washington, Adams, and Madison, â€Å"Founding Brothers† masterfully explains how the fou nders were able to â€Å"contain the explosive energies of the debate† (15), and thereby successfully create what is now the longest and most enduring republic of all time, the United States. Professor Ellis employs a stylistically unique way of presenting and detailing this overwhelmingly massive and often daunting subject of history. He uses stories as his format to capture the personalities, temperaments and dynamic interactions of the leading figures, and he presents them as real people we can relate to, with shortcomings and other imperfections. His purpose is to reveal the unique origin and character of the American Revolution as a colonial revolution very different from others in history and to reveal the origin of how the major ideas and institutions of the United States were decided. The thrust and primary thesis, however, are to show how these political leaders functioned as a collective unit in which each leader contributed a specific strength. This collective balan... Free Essays on Founding Brothers, By Joseph J. Ellis Book Review Free Essays on Founding Brothers, By Joseph J. Ellis Book Review The opposing ideologies during the post-revolutionary era of individual liberty (the Jeffersonian outlook) versus collective nationalism (the Hamiltonian outlook) had the potential to swallow the infant American union into an abyss of anarchy. As Ellis puts it, â€Å"The politics of the 1790s was a truly cacophonous affair.† (page 16). Similar revolutions in Europe had resulted in postbellum nightmares, where differing parties and ideologies had fought to the death over power. But the American Revolution was a colonial revolution very different than others in that its founders’ acumen allowed them to safely place their opposing ideologies in a governmental structure containing political parties, and thus form a basis of government on healthy debate as opposed to antagonism. Through six stories and themes on specific events in the lives of Hamilton, Burr, Jefferson, Franklin, Washington, Adams, and Madison, â€Å"Founding Brothers† masterfully explains how the fou nders were able to â€Å"contain the explosive energies of the debate† (15), and thereby successfully create what is now the longest and most enduring republic of all time, the United States. Professor Ellis employs a stylistically unique way of presenting and detailing this overwhelmingly massive and often daunting subject of history. He uses stories as his format to capture the personalities, temperaments and dynamic interactions of the leading figures, and he presents them as real people we can relate to, with shortcomings and other imperfections. His purpose is to reveal the unique origin and character of the American Revolution as a colonial revolution very different from others in history and to reveal the origin of how the major ideas and institutions of the United States were decided. The thrust and primary thesis, however, are to show how these political leaders functioned as a collective unit in which each leader contributed a specific strength. This collective balan...

Famous Quotes About Women and Womanhood

Famous Quotes About Women and Womanhood Reams of paper and reels of films have been dedicated to describe a woman. Women-oriented books promise to reveal the secret underlying womanhood. Biologists have spent their lifetime decoding the mystery of a woman. But the woman continues to be an enigma. Her enigma embodies her beauty. And this beauty is not skin-deep. These famous quotes about women explore the qualities of women. Famous Quotes About Women Rebecca West, The Clarion I myself have never been able to find out precisely what feminism is. I only know that people call me a feminist whenever I express sentiments that differentiate me from a doormat or a prostitute. Anne Morrow Lindbergh, American aviator, Gift From the Sea By and large, mothers and housewives are the only workers who do not have regular time off. They are the great vacation-less class. Samuel Richardson, Writer A beautiful woman must expect to be more accountable for her steps, than one less attractive. Charlotte Bronte, Novelist [in a letter to William Smith Williams] I am neither a man nor a woman but an author. Loretta Young, American Actress A charming woman doesnt follow the crowd. She is herself. Toni Morrison, Author, Sula I know what every colored woman in this country is doing. Dying. Just like me. But the difference is they are dying like a stump. Me, Im going down like one of those redwoods. I sure did live in this world. William Congreve, English Playwright Heaven hath no rage like a love to hatred turned, nor hell a fury like a woman scorned. Rudyard Kipling, Author A womans guess is much more accurate than a mans certainty.

Observe particles by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Essay - 1

Observe particles by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray SEM and Transmission Electron Microscopy - Essay Example m. SEM-EDAX analysis shows that the powder particles are those of ytterbium oxide and TEM analysis shows morphology of fine TiO2 and Fe2O3. Results and analysis of these experiments are presented in this report. Introduction Electron microscopy has been a leap jump over optical microscopy in the field of micro imaging. While resolution in case of optical microscopy is limited by the wavelength of light, the same gets tremendously improved because accelerated electrons have much smaller wavelengths and hence much better resolution in case of electron microscopy. Besides, micro imaging there are other benefits associated with using electron beam as probe. This is because electron – matter interaction produces a wide variety of signals like secondary electrons, back scattered electrons, fluorescence and characteristic X-rays, transmission electrons, auger electrons etc. to name a few [1]. These signals do not contain information about only topography but also about chemistry of t he region of interaction and hence micro-analytical information can also be extracted. This is the reason why a large number of micro-imaging and microanalytical instruments have been developed using electron beam as probe and these are being widely used in the industry as well as in the advanced research. A brief introduction of some of these instruments like Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Scanning Electron Microscope with Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-rays (SEM-EDAX) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) is presented in the following sections. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) [3]: This microscope scans the probe electron beam over a raster and response signals like secondary and backscattered electrons are collected and used for image formation [2]. It consists of a column always under vacuum consisting of different subcomponents. It consists of an electron gun or electron source. This is followed by condenser lenses to focus the beam. There are apertures in the path to allow only the useful (central) portion of the beam to the subsequent stages. The focused beam is double scanned and made to pass through an aperture to fall onto the specimen. The beam is scanned over the specimen in a raster and the generated signals – secondary or back scattered electrons are collected, amplified and again scanned in a raster onto a CRT screen in synchronized manner. Thus image is formed pixel by pixel. The magnification is ratio of the CRT screen size to the area of the raster onto the specimen. Because, the CRT size is fixed, therefore, magnification can be increased by scanning lower area onto the specimen and vice – versa. While secondary electron provides topographic contrast, the backscattered electrons provide atomic number or Z-contrast. SEM with Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-rays (SEM-EDAX): EDAX is essentially a detector or an attachment to an instrument. This is capable of detecting energy of the X-rays falling onto it. This uses a semiconductor – SiLi or GeLi and as X-rays fall onto this semiconductor electrons are produced in the proportion of the energy of the X-rays and this produces a current which is used to determine energy of the X-ray. This attachment can be attached to different instruments like SEM, EPMA or Electron Probe Microanalyser or even with a TEM or Transmission Electron Microscope. When probe electron beam falls onto a sample characteristic X-rays are produced, which are collected and analyzed

Marketing Mix Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marketing Mix Analysis - Research Paper Example Marketing Channel Format and Intermediaries Wholesale Channel Lululemon’s products are sold at third-party resellers, which the company feels is parallel to their company. Such resellers may include premium yoga studious, fitness centers and health clubs. Speciality Store and Franchises are among of the company’s reseller. However, the wholesale channel of business does not generate overall revenue for the company. Thus, the strategy is generally opted to create brand awareness in new markets (SlideShare Inc, 2012). Online Lululemon’s products are based on target segmentation. Most the company’s products are based on young women. Thus, the company is present in social networking sites which have created a new attraction for the youth and also has enabled to spread product related awareness. Online selling options are available on the company’s websites. The company online sales had grown from 4% in 2009 to 8% in 2010 (SlideShare Inc, 2012). ... Competitors Lululemon has a wide range of competitors that have been doing business from a longer period. Adidas, Nike and Reebok are the biggest competitors of the company. They are almost present all over the world, whereas Lululemon has not yet started to operate their business in spread worldwide way. They are present in only a few of the global nations. Thus, the non-availability of the company’s products at a wider global location has been giving the competitive edge to their competitors (Lululemon Athletica Inc, 2010). Regulation Lululemon generally follows code of conduct as well as ethical standards in the business operations which enables them to operate their business and distribute their offerings in a convenient way. Technology Lululemon’s distribution facilities consist of automatic equipments that are controlled by the computers. Thus, it implies that their operations are complicated and risks of system failure or virus attack are at large. Proper operati ons of hardware and software and interruptions due to non-power supply may also affect the distribution process (Lululemon Athletica Inc, 2010). Consumer Lululemon’s consumers are primarily people who prefer to visit gym and exercise centers. Product Type The products offered by Lululemon are generally athletic apparels as well as accessories. Economic Lululemon’s products are costlier in comparison to its competitors. Thus, the company can only distribute its products to those markets where the buying power of the consumers are high. Therefore, the costlier products have been affecting the distribution process which in turn is affecting the sales of the products

Ethical Issues Regarding Informed Consent in the Workplace Essay

Ethical Issues Regarding Informed Consent in the Workplace - Essay Example Different participants at these establishments have different views and beliefs on what is ethical and what is not ethical. An important concept to be derived from the study of ethics is that its applications in the different fields are interrelated and one application can be used to explain the other in a different field (Hardwig, 2010, p.1). Nevertheless, a lesson learned from ethical issues arising in business could be used to solve analogous issues in medicine or any other field. 2. The need for â€Å"informed consents† The controversial issues arising in ethics are due to the diverse human nature and the difference in cultural values. What an individual values most may be of very little value to the other person. In medical ethics, it would be considered that main aim of providing healthcare services is to promote good health and ensure a longer life for the patients. However, there are other factors that affect human desires and that will limit our access to the health s ervices (Hardwig, 2010, p.1). It would be argued that the health providers should make all the attempts to satisfy the needs of the patients by avoiding issues like the cost consideration. This becomes controversial as a point may be reached when the operations at the health center cannot continue due to lack of resources thereby endangering other people’s lives. Besides, it is worth mentioning the fact that a patient went to the hospital to seek medical services does not mean that the medical officer has a full say on what to be carried out, neither does it mean that the patient needs all that the doctor wants to provide or perform (Hardwig, 2010, p.1). Similarly, the view a shareholder would be that his profit in an investment be maximized. However, there will be other factors that influence the desires and that will determine if the profit maximization is the supposed interest. The effects of this profit maximization on the conditions imposed on the employees of an organiz ation will provide an evidence to evaluate such procedures. In most causes, it would turn out to be unjustifiable for an investor to be only interested in the profit maximization (Hardwig, 2010, p.1). These controversial issues call for what is referred to as â€Å"informed consent.† It involves informing the participants to a given decision making activity the probable risks and the conditions associated with the actions to be carried out (Ilgen & Bell, 2001, p.1). It is aimed at ensuring that ethical standards are observed in handling individuals with different interests. It has been found to be applicable in various fields of social sciences that entail research with human participants. The participants in a research need to be informed of the risks involved in participating in the research. However, the American Psychologist Association asserts that there are certain instances when the use of â€Å"informed consents† can be ignored, though it may not be very clear the circumstances under which this may be true. Various legislations have been enacted in the US that protects the rights of the participants in a given research (White, Parascandola & Bero, 2007, p.1). 3. Ethical issues and informed consent in medicine The basic guiding principles that most people value like profit maximization in business or good health and prolonged life in the healthcare

Chicano Mexican-American Movement Essay Example for Free

Chicano Mexican-American Movement Essay Chicano a political term made popular in the sixties with the Chicano Civil Rights Movement which followed the example of the Black Civil Rights Movement. The people of the Movement adopted the word Chicano for themselves just as the African Americans had adopted Black. The Chicano Movement fought for all people of the Southwest of Mexican descendancy. These people included those whose ancestors had been citizens in the southwest when it was Mexico before the United States occupied it in 1848. Chicano a political term made popular in the sixties with the Chicano Civil Rights Movement which followed the example of the Black Civil Rights Movement. The people of the Movement adopted the word Chicano for themselves just as the African Americans had adopted Black. The Chicano Movement fought for all people of the Southwest of Mexican descendancy. These people included those whose ancestors had been citizens in the southwest when it was Mexico before the United States occupied it in 1848. These people became citizens by default with all rights guaranteed to them under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. The Chicano Movement also included three waves of immigrants from Mexico: those who migrated because they were escaping the Mexican Revolution between 1900 and 1914; those who came between World War I and 1930, mainly for economic reasons; and those who came between World War II and the 1960s. Several of those who came in the 1940s came with organized labor programs such as the Bracero Program and decided to stay, even if undocumented. The Chicano Movement and the Treaty of Gudalupe Hidalgo After the United States won the Mexican American War the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was executed on February 2, 1848. Under the treaty, Mexico ceded to the United States a large area including, California, Arizona, New Mexico, parts of what we know today as Colorado, Nevada, Wyoming and Utah. The annexation of Texas was also approved. All the citizens who had resided in what had been Mexico were given one year to make a choice to remain in what was now the U. S. or go to what was now Mexico. It is estimated that 75,000 Mexicans decided to stay and became citizens of the U. S. by default. The treaty provided specific guarantees for the property and political rights of the native population and they were given the right to retain their language, religion and culture. Almost immediately, the treaty was broken and these people were treated like foreigners in their own land. When they lost their land, they lost their economic base, thus had to turn to wage labor to survive. They were subjected to great discrimination practices, as were the three waves of immigrants who came later. By the time World War II ended Chicanos were an oppressed people; poor, uneducated, with no political clout; and menial jobs with little hope for upward mobility. It was after the Zoot Suit Riots of 1943 and after soldiers came back from World War II that the foundation for the Chicano Movement was built. The veterans and other concerned Chicanos refused to be treated like second class citizens. The groundwork was laid for the battle of equality for Chicanos. When the 1960s came about Chicanos recognized that like the Blacks, they, too, had a cause and initially emulated the Black Civil Rights Movement. Scholars consider the year 1943 as the beginning of an new period of Mexican American history and culture. When the so-called Zoot Suit Riots occurred in the Los Angeles area it marked a stage in the cultural development of the Mexican American in which there was a consciousness of not belonging to either Mexico or the United States and an effort to assert a separate independent identity. It introduced the Pachucos, young Mexican-American young men who were not accepted in their schools, nor at home. They sought their own identity. Also after World War II Mexican American veterans who had fought and died side by side with their other American counterparts now felt they had earned their rights and were ready to participate equitably. Thus the quest for identity in modern American society was initiated and by the 1960s a younger generation made up of the children of the veterans took up the pursuit of democracy and equity in the Civil Rights Movement and explored the question of identity in all the arts. There had been very little Chicano Literature in the past so the 60s was considered a Chicano Renaissance. Hispanic an umbrella term that reduces groups of people into the lowest common denominator of Spanish speaking peoples. This can be people who speak Spanish or whose ancestors spoke Spanish and includes, Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, Cubans, Dominicans and other ethnic groups. It is a most unfair label because it denies the different histories, and dilutes the importance of each different culture by lumping them all under one umbrella. The term was given by the government during the Nixon administration. Mestizo for the scope of this class half-Spanish, half-Indian. When the conquistadores arrived in the Americas miscegenation took place between the Spaniards and the Indigenous women, thus produced a new race, the Mestizo, a mixture of Caucasian and Indian. Much of Chicano Literature is based on Indian folklore. The Mestizo is an element in Mexican American Studies meaning both the Indian and Spanish side of the Chicano. Therefore we will be studying literature that takes us back to ancient Mexico and Spain and brings elements of both cultures to produce Chicano literature. I am Joaquin, written by Rodolfo Corky Gonzales in the 1960s elaborated a version of cultural nationalism that would typify what is called Movement Poetry. It was Mexican American history all wrapped up into one poem. It was monumental because up until then there had been very little written about the Chicano. When something was written, it was usually derogatory or stereotypical. It stands alone as an epic poem of the Chicano Movement. A new breed of writers were born because of the Chicano Movement. Their writings were related to a political and social movement. They wrote about cultural identification with the Mexican American heritage within the general framework of American society. It became the most intense expression of the creative spirit of the movement. It first saw the light in print in angry journals or newspapers such as El Grito Magazine or El Gallo Newspaper. There were many. The writing was cause writing, not just literary. It was also inspirational. The first Chicano writers of Chicano Literature in the 60s committed their literary vices to the political economic and educational struggles. Their works were often inspirational and read at organizational meetings, boycotts and before protest marches. The first Chicano poets included: Abelardo Lalo Delgado; Ricardo Sanchez and Alurista (Alberto Urista). Alurista coined the term Aztlan as the Chicano homeland. It gave Chicanos a sense of place. Aztlan had been the mythical homeland of the Aztecs which was north from Mexico, probably somewhere in the southwest United States. In 1967 appeared the most influential Chicano Literary Magazine, El Gallo, initiating the publishing house El Quinto Sol (The Fifth Sun). El Quinto Sol emphasized the Chicano culture, language, themes and styles and a Mexica/Aztec identity and promoted the Spanish Language. The fifth sun referred to the Aztec belief in a period of cultural flowering that would take place some time in the future, in a fifth age that coincided with the rise of the Chicano movement. One of the first books published by Quinto Sol was an anthology in 1986, El Espejo/The Mirror, edited by Dr. Octavio Romano Paz and Herminio Rios. In 1970 El Quinto Sol instituted a national award for Chicano Literature, Premio Quinto Sol (Fifth Sun Award) which gave the winner $1000 and published their winning manuscript.

It Has Been Two Years :: Love Letters Dating Email Relationships

Dear Matt, It has been three years since I have last held you in my arms. It is not fair how our years together feel so short lived, yet our time apart feels so long. Thank you for showing me how to number our days. The first time I ever laid my eyes on you, I was captured. It was not the way you introduced yourself or the way you shook my hand, but the look in your eyes that captured my heart. Thank you for showing me that love at first sight isn't just a fairy tale. I was convinced that you were something special. I felt it with every beat of my heart and breath that I breathed. Little did I know how right I was. As time went on we developed a friendship that I thought could only develop over years of knowing one another. Thank you for showing me that friendship cannot be measured by the amount of time spent in one and another's life. You gave me that chance where I was yours and you were mine. In that single moment all my dreams had come true. Thank you for helping me realize that dreams really do come true in real life and not just in books. We had so many wonderful times together. Some of our days were filled with adventure. In those days you brought out a side in me I never thought existed. Thank you for showing me that I too could be daring and adventurous. Then there were days filled with quiet moments. Those days are the ones I've cherished the most. Because, I would think for hours on end about happiness that I never thought that could exist between me and another person. Thank you for showing my happiness. We also had our hard days. There were fights that could have rattled the deepest depths of the ocean. We always recovered. Thank you for showing me how to forgive.